Understanding perimenopause: symptoms and management tips

All women go through perimenopause, but it is not commonly discussed among women with symptoms or as an issue for women’s health in general.

On the occasion of Women’s Health Month, Baniz Heidari, DOand OB/GYN with Karama Health Medical Group – NorthridgeDiscusses what perimenopausal women can expect and when to seek support from your healthcare team.

Perimenopause vs. menopause: what’s the difference?

For most women, menopause occurs after they experience it 12 consecutive months without a period. While this is a normal phase of a woman’s life, the transitional phase before menopause, also known as perimenopause, can pose questions for women experiencing symptoms.

Dr. Heidari says the average age for a woman to begin menopause is around 52, but this can vary depending on genes or previous surgical procedures that may have caused early menopause, such as removal of the ovaries.

The menopause transition can last from three to five years, and in some cases, as long as 10 — which means women in their late 30s and early 40s may experience premenopausal symptoms.

Symptoms may include:

• Irregular menstrual cycles that are either heavier or lighter than normal
• Mood irritability
• insomnia
• brain fog
• hot flashes
• night sweats
• Pain during intercourse and vaginal dryness

Dr. Heidari recommends that women track their symptoms and menstrual cycle and discuss these changes with their doctor.

Relieving symptoms

The symptoms associated with menopause can be very distressing, but there are treatments available for different symptoms. Depending on the severity of your symptoms, hormone replacement therapies may help with hot flashes and brain fog. Mindfulness and behavioral health techniques, including breathing, medication, and journaling, have also been shown to help. Dr. Heidari encourages discussing mental health concerns with a licensed therapist or counselor.

Some health risks are associated with premenopause

Estrogen plays an important role in the health of the bones, heart, and brain in women. When estrogen decreases during perimenopause, women are more likely to develop cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis, a condition that causes weak bones. Dr. Heidari recommends speaking with a physician if a patient has a family history of these conditions, as this may affect their risk.

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Perimenopause is a normal part of life, but symptoms can be alleviated through various treatments and medications. As you enter this stage, it is important to remember the following:

• Keep track of symptoms and irregularities in your menstrual cycles
• Talk to your doctor about treatment options that are right for you
• Consult your doctor about the risks of heart and bone disease

Regardless of symptoms, Dr. Heidari strongly recommends that women speak with their doctor if perimenopause is getting in the way of their daily activities.

If you think you may be entering perimenopause, or need support exploring treatment options, make an appointment with your primary care physician. our kingFind a doctorDignity Health Medical Group near you can help.